侯荣福1，杨君1，王明杰2，于蓬3
1.山东交通学院汽车工程学院，山东 济南 250357；
2.山东交通学院机动车检测实验中心，山东 济南 250100；
3.山东济燃氢动力有限公司，山东 济南 271100
摘要：针对质子交换膜燃料电池(proton exchange membrane fuel cells，PEMFC)运行时，负载电流突变而导致的“氧饥饿”现象，建立电池空气供应系统的动态模型，设计能够调节电池过氧比鲁棒跟踪控制器；利用MATLAB/Simulink仿真研究4种运行工况下控制器性能。结果表明：该控制器能够精确跟踪期望的过氧比，对负载电流的控制具有良好的鲁棒性；当PEMFC以一定的负载电流稳定运行时，控制器可以保证电池阴极过氧比约为2，且相对误差不超过2%；负载电流以不同形式变化时，控制器能够调节阴极进气量，满足负载需求，过氧比较好的控制在期望值附近。
关键词：PEMFC；空气供给系统；过氧比；鲁棒控制
Abstract：In order to solve the problem of "oxygen starvation" caused by the sudden increase of load current during the operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), a robust tracking controller is designed based on the dynamic model of PEMFC air supply system. The performance of the controller under 4 operating conditions is studied by MATLAB/Simulink simulation. The results show that the controller can accurately track the desired peroxide ratio and has good robustness to the disturbance of load current. When the fuel cell operates stably with a certain load current, the controller can ensure that the cathode peroxide ratio of PEMFC is about 2, and the error is no more than 2%. When the load current changes in different forms, the controller can adjust the cathode air intake to meet the load demand, and the peroxide ratio is well controlled near the expected value.
Keywords:PEMFC;air supply system; oxygen excess ratio;robust control
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