吴士军1,2，叶飞1,2，刘斌1,2，岳永丽1,3，刘玲1,2
1.内燃机可靠性国家重点实验室，山东 潍坊 261061；2.潍柴动力扬州柴油机有限责任公司，江苏 扬州 225009；
3.潍柴动力股份有限公司，山东 潍坊 261061
摘要：为解决某轻型柴油机在开发试验过程中出现的活塞熔顶故障，采用故障树法分析可能导致故障的原因，分别通过试验、物理检测、标定逻辑分析等方法对各因素进行分析与排除，确定导致活塞熔顶故障的原因为：凸轮轴信号缺失触发单曲轴信号降级起动，倒拖起动转速过高造成电子控制单元试喷射功能误判，导致异常燃烧、产生高温熔顶。采取优化起动方式、设置关联报警等措施，耐久试验表明活塞熔顶故障不再发生。
关键词：熔顶；故障树法；单曲轴信号；试喷射
Abstract：In order to solve the piston top melting fault of a light diesel engine in the development and test process, the fault tree is used to list the factors that may cause the fault, and experiment, physical detection, calibration logic analysis, etc., are used to analyze and eliminate the factors. It is determined that the cause of the piston top melting failure is that the lack of camshaft signal triggers the degraded start by single crankshaft signal, and the excessively high reverse starting speed will cause the ECU misjudgment of the test injection function. Then abnormal combustion and hightemperature molten roof happened. In order to avoid the recurrence of this fault, by optimizing the starting method and setting the associated alarms, the occurrence of the failure of the piston top molting is effectively avoided.
Keywords:melt top; fault tree; single crankshaft signal; test injection
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