周子涵1，王金龙1，程莹东1，尹琪2，肖进1*
1.上海交通大学新能源动力研究所，上海200240；2.上海汽车集团股份有限公司乘用车分公司，上海201804
摘要：为研究汽油清洁剂对发动机喷油器头部积碳的影响规律，以聚醚胺、聚异丁烯胺和曼尼希碱3种汽油清洁剂为研究对象，在金属片积碳试验台架上试验研究其对汽油积碳的影响。对3种汽油清洁剂进行热重测试，在试验台架上对无清洁剂汽油和聚醚胺、聚异丁烯胺、曼尼希碱的质量分数分别为05‰和10‰的清洁剂汽油进行9个温度条件下的积碳试验，并对生成的积碳进行显微红外光谱测试。结果表明：热稳定性对汽油清洁剂的清洁效果存在重要影响；聚醚胺、聚异丁烯胺和曼尼希碱对汽油积碳的抑制作用与温度密切相关；温度高于180 ℃时，聚醚胺或聚异丁烯胺质量分数高的清洁剂汽油，金属片积碳反而增加，清洁剂的质量分数对汽油清洁剂的清洁性能存在较大影响。
关键词：积碳；汽油清洁剂；聚醚胺；聚异丁烯胺；曼尼希碱
Abstract: In order to study the influence of gasoline cleaners on the carbon deposit in the engine injector head, three gasoline cleaners, polyether amine, polyisobutylene amine and Mannich base, are used as the research objects and tested on a metal sheet carbon deposit test bench to study their effect on deposits. The thermogravimetric test is carried out on the three gasoline cleaners,and gasoline without additives and gasolines with 3 different gasoline cleaners added in 2 different mass concentrations are tested for deposition under 9 temperature conditions on the test bench. The results show that thermal stability has an important influence on the cleaning effect of gasoline cleaners; the inhibitory effect of polyether amine, polyisobutylene amine and Mannich base on gasoline deposition is closely related to temperature; the concentration of the gasoline cleaners has a great impact on the cleaning performance, when the temperature exceeds 180 ℃, adding high concentration of polyether amine or polyisobutylene amine will increase the deposit on the metal sheet.
Keywords:carbon deposit; gasoline cleaner; polyether amine; polyisobutylene amine; Mannich base
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