任明广，宋相明，刘国栋

潍柴动力股份有限公司，山东潍坊261061

摘要：研究280型柴油机活塞的接触压应力分布规律及磨损模式，为在设计阶段采取减小活塞磨损、提高活塞运行稳定性的措施提供依据。在确定活塞的机械负荷、换热系数和温度等边界条件的基础上，使用Abaqus软件计算得出280型柴油机活塞主推力面、次推力面以及支撑面的接触压应力及磨损模式。仿真结果表明：活塞各部位最大接触压应力都在材料强度的许可范围之内，磨损模式显示活塞裙部主推力面的中上部位置和外支撑面的外边缘为磨损最严重的部位。800 h耐久试验后拆解发现，活塞磨损模式与仿真结果拟合度达到90%以上。

关键词：活塞;接触压应力;磨损模式

Abstract:The contact stress and wear pattern of 280 Diesel engine piston are studied, which provides the basis for reducing the piston wear and improving the stability of piston operation in the design stage. On the basis of determining the boundary conditions such as mechanical load, heat transfer coefficient and temperature of piston, the contact pressure stress and wear pattern of main thrust surface, secondary thrust surface and supporting surface of 280 Diesel engine piston are calculated by Abaqus software. The simulation results show that the maximum contact compressive stress of each part of the piston is within the allowable range of material strength, and the wear pattern shows that the middle and upper part of the main thrust surface of the piston skirt and the outer edge of the outer support surface are the most seriously worn parts. After 800 h durability test, it is found that the fitting degree between piston wear pattern and simulation result is more than 90%.

Keywords: piston; contact pressure; wear pattern