吴承鑫1，张寒杉1，祝成祥2,3，郑玉杰2,3
1.龙工（上海）机械制造有限公司，上海 201612；2.内燃机可靠性国家重点实验室，山东 潍坊 261061
3.潍柴动力股份有限公司 应用工程中心，山东 潍坊 261061
摘要：通过一维/三维耦合仿真方法进行装载机热管理仿真计算，建立装载机整车三维模型，利用Fluent商业软件，计算发动机舱内的空气流动。计算结果表明：散热器进风不均匀，散热器上部与下部形成热风回流，整机左右两侧进风口的进风不畅和风扇周围形成多处涡流；利用三维仿真得到的散热器进口风量，在一维仿真中反推机舱阻力系数，利用KULI软件，计算发动机出水温度、液压油散热器进口温度、传动油散热器进口温度；通过仿真数据与试验数据的对比，验证了一维/三维耦合仿真的准确性。
关键词：装载机；耦合；仿真；试验
Abstract：The three-dimensional model of the whole loader is firstly established, and the commercial software Fluent is used to calculate the air flow in the engine compartment. The calculation results show that the air inlet of the radiator is not uniform, the hot air backflow is formed in the upper and lower part of the radiator, the air inlet on the left and right sides of the whole machine is poor, and many vortices are formed around the fan. Then, the inlet air flow of the radiator is obtained through the three-dimensional simulation, the engine room resistance coefficient is pushed back in one dimension, and the outlet water temperature of the engine, the inlet temperature of hydraulic oil and the inlet temperature of transmission oil are calculated by Kuli commercial software. Finally, experimental data are compared to verify the accuracy of one-dimensional/three-dimensional coupling simulation.
Key words：loader, coupling, simulation,test
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