周定武1，邓志革1，李治国1，彭广宇2，张成国3
1.湖南汽车工程职业学院，湖南株洲412001；2.湖南交通职业技术学院，湖南长沙410132；
3.潍柴动力股份有限公司，山东潍坊261061
摘要：在油泵试验台架上开展喷油为主动量诱导的高压压力波动特征的试验研究，分析靠近嘴端的高压油管内以及高压油轨的轨压传感器处压力波动规律。研究表明：柴油机高压共轨燃油喷射系统中，喷油引起的压力波不受油泵引起的压力波影响；喷油引起的嘴端压力波动比轨端要显著；嘴端压力波呈现明显的波动衰减，其压力波的频率与燃油属性有关，波动的最大振幅主要与喷射压力、喷孔大小有关；高压油轨处的压力波动特征不明显，单次喷油引起的轨压下降总量不仅与喷射压力、喷孔大小有关，还与喷射脉宽有关。
关键词：柴油机；高压共轨；喷油特征；压力波动
Abstract:The high pressure fluctuation characteristics induced by the fuel injection is studied on a fuel pump test bench. The high pressure fluctuation characteristics of nearnozzle fuel pipe and the rail pressure sensor of the high pressure fuel rail is analyzed. The results show that the pressure wave caused by fuel injection and the pressure wave caused by fuel pump are separated from each other in the common rail system. The pressure wave at nozzle end caused by fuel injection is more significant than that at rail end. The pressure wave at nozzle end shows obvious fluctuation attenuation. The frequency of pressure wave is related to fuel properties, and the maximum amplitude of pressure wave is mainly related to the injection pressure and the size of spray orifice. In addition, the characteristics of pressure wave at high pressure rail is inconspicuous, and the total amount of rail pressure drop caused by single injection is not only related to the injection pressure and the size of spray orifice, but also the charging time.
Keywords:diesel engine;high pressure common rail;fuel injection characteristics;pressure fluctuation
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