李建东1,2，刘刚1,2，王庆新1,2，杨国政1,2
1.内燃机可靠性国家重点实验室，山东潍坊261061；2.潍柴动力股份有限公司，山东潍坊261061
摘要：为简化非道路机械排放试验方法、缩短试验时间并准确判断试验结果，对某一配套162 kW发动机的5 t装载机按照排放标准要求进行实际作业循环排放试验。试验表明，装载机排放试验循环具有工况单一且稳定和选择性催化还原（selective catalytic reduction，SCR）上游排温波动小的特性。在试验基础上分析不同试验时间对应的排放结果，可知缩短一定试验时间对结果的影响误差在3%以内；通过分析SCR上游排温对排放结果的影响，可以利用SCR上游排温范围对应的SCR转化效率快速评价试验结果，简化了试验方法。
关键词：装载机；排放污染物；优化
Abstract:In order to simplify the emission test method of nonroad machinery, shorten the test time and judge the test result accurately, the actual operation emission test of a 5 t loader equipped with 162 kW engine is carried out according to the emission standard requirements. It shows that the loader operation cycle has the characteristics of steady condition and small fluctuation of upstream exhaust temperature in selective catalytic reduction (SCR). By analyzing the corresponding results of different test times, it is concluded that the error of shortening a certain time on the test results is within 3%. By analyzing the influence of SCR upstream exhaust temperature on the emission result, the conversion efficiency of SCR corresponding to SCR upstream exhaust temperature range can be used to quickly evaluate the test result and simplify the test method.
Keywords:loader; pollutant emission; optimization
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