楼狄明,朱思佳

（同济大学 汽车学院，上海 201804）

    摘要：基于车载排放测试系统对一辆国Ⅲ柴油公交车耦合使用后处理技术与生物柴油的排放特性进行了研究,研究结果表明:单独使用柴油机氧化催化转化器（DOC）的CO、THC的减排尚可,分别达40.4%和42.4%,PN和PM的减排效果较差,仅为53.2%和51.0%;单独使用催化型连续再生颗粒捕集器（DOC+CDPF）,CO和THC分别降低58.7%和72.0%,PN和PM分别降低96.7%和96.9%;DOC及DOC+CDPF对公交车CO₂和NOx影响不显著。DOC以及DOC+CDPF与生物柴油混合燃料B20（生物柴油体积占比20%）耦合使用后,对CO、THC、PN和PM的减排效果进一步提升,前者分别达53.9%、50.6%、60.1%和59.6%,后者分别高达71.0%、82.0%、98.6%和97.3%。两者对CO₂和NO_x影响仍不显著。

    关键词：公交车；后处理技术；生物柴油；耦合；排放特性

    Abstract: Emission characteristics of a China Ⅲ bus  running on biodiesel with after-treatment on real road was studied using portable emission measurement system. Results show that DOC can reduce CO and THC by 40.4% and 42.4%, respectively, PN and PM by 53.2% and 51.0%, respectively. For DOC+CDPF, the reductions are 58.7% and 72.0% for CO and THC, 96.7% and 96.9% for the PN and PM, respectively. Both after-treatments have little effect on CO2 and NOx. When running on B20 biodiesel blend, the reduction in emissions are more significant. For DOC, the reduction is 53.9%, 50.6%, 60.1% and 59.6% for CO, THC, PN and PM, respectively. For DOC+CDPF, the reduction is 71.0%, 82.0%, 98.6% and 97.3%, respectively. Running on B20 has no effects on CO2 and NOx.

Key words: Bus; After-Treatment; Biodiesel; Coupling; Emissions Characteristic