马相明1 ，孙霞1 ，王峰2 ，郝鹏飞2
(1.山东大学能源与动力工程学院，山东 济南，250061;
2.潍柴动力股份有限公司，山东 潍坊，261061)
摘要：为实现轮式装载机的快速建模，为循环作业分析提供指导，基于Matlab软件编写了用户界面，建立了液力变矩器瞬态模型，将铲斗阻力和液压系统消耗扭矩作为变量添加到循环作业参数中，实现了轮式装载机动力总成的建模。基于典型作业工况参数，对装载机循环作业时发动机和液力变矩器工作参数进行了仿真。对比仿真结果与试验数据得出：93.77%变速比仿真结果和94.04%的发动机转速仿真结果误差在2%以内，循环油耗仿真结果误差为4.7%。因此基于Matlab建立的装载机整车仿真模型可较准确地模拟动力总成循环作业参数，对于研究装载机循环作业经济性具有一定的指导作用。
关键词：轮式装载机；GUI；典型作业工况；模型；仿真
Abstract: In order to build the simulation model of wheel loader rapidly and provide guidance for the analysis of cycle operation, a software was developed based on the Matlab software, and a simulation model of a wheel loader powertrain was constructed with establishing the transient model of hydraulic torque converter and adding the bucket resistance and torque consumption by the hydraulic system to the typical operating cycle as variables. The working parameters of the engine and hydraulic converter were simulated based on the typical operating cycle of the loader. With comparison of simulated results and experimental data, the error of the engine speed within 94.04% and transmission ratio within 93.77% simulation time were less than 2%, and the error of fuel consumption based on the typical working cycle simulation was 4.7%. Therefore, the simulation model constructed by Matlab software could simulate cycle operating parameters of powertrain accurately, which was also greatly helpful to further study the fuel economy of loader working cycle.
Key words：Wheel Loader； GUI； Typical Operating Cycle； Model； Computer Simulation
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