基于瞬时频率估计的谐振分析及应用-《内燃机与动力装置》-电子报刊-山东内燃机学会

摘要：针对装载机工作过程中振动强烈的问题，从振动信号的分析入手，提出了基于瞬时频率估计的旋转机械谐振分析方法。结合快速傅里叶变换，采用瞬时频率估计方法直接从振动信号中提取出转速信息，建立了整机谐振分析方法，并进行了转速对比和实测故障数据分析。结果表明转速提取方法准确有效，通过谐振分析实现了旋转不平衡部件诊断以及车架、驾驶室等零部件的固有频率的识别。与传统方法相比，本研究方法简化了测试的硬件要求，提高了整机振动检测的精度和效率。

Abstract: A new method of harmonic analysis of rotating machinery based on instantaneous frequency estimation (IFE) is proposed, to solve the strong vibration of loader. Combined with fast Fourier transform, the algorithm of IFE could extract the speed signal directly. A model is established to analyze the harmonic of the whole vehicle. Meanwhile, speed contrasting and malfunction data analysis is conducted. The results show that the method of extracting speed is effective and harmonic analysis could diagnose unbalanced rotating part and distinguish natural frequency of cab and frame. Compared to the traditional method, the analysis reduces requirements of vibration measurement and improves accuracy and efficiency of vibration tests.

Key words: Instantaneous Frequency Estimation；Peak Search Method；Rotating Machinery；Harmonic Analysis

参考文献:

[1] QATUMS, ABDELHAMIDMK, PANG J, et al. Overview of Automotive Noise and Vibration[J]. Int. J. Vehicle Noise and Vibration, 2009, 5 (1/2): 1-35.

[2] Fyge K R,Munck E D S. Analysis of Computed Order Tracking[J]. Mechanical System and Signal Processing，1997，11(2)：187-205.

[3] 徐敏强,黄文虎,等. 旋转机械高速启动过程振动信号分析方法的研究[J]. 振动工程学报, 2000, 13(2): 216-221.

[4] 赵晓平, 赵秀莉,等. 一种新的旋转机械升降速阶段振动信号的瞬时频率估计算法[J]. 机械工程学报,2011,07:103-108.

[5] L.科恩.时-频分析：理论与应用[M].白宪居译.西安:西安交通大学出版社, 1998:12-34.

[6] Boashash B. Estimating and Interpreting the Instantaneous Frequency of a Signal-Part 1: Fundamentals[J]. Proc. IEEE 1992, 80: 520-538.

[7] 贾继德,孔凡让,等. 基于瞬时频率估计的内燃机信号阶比分析[J]. 内燃机工程,2005,03:15-21.

[8] Boashash B. Estimating and Interpreting the Instantaneous Frequency of a Signal-Part 2: Algorithms and Applications[J]. Proc. IEEE, 1992, 80: 540-568.

[9] 严辉,周正,张玲. 振动噪声信号在发动机转速提取中的运用[J]. 汽车工程师,2010,07:44-46.

[10] 郭瑜,秦树人. 基于瞬时频率估计的旋转机械阶比跟踪[J]. 机械工程学报, 2003, 39(3): 32-36.

[11] 胡爱军,朱瑜. 基于改进峰值搜索法的旋转机械瞬时频率估计[J]. 振动与冲击,2013,07:113-117.