王成峰，陆 辰，刘庆雷 ，侯传森 

    摘要：在一台12V190型柴油机上测量了高压油管泵端和嘴端压力，为了更好地理解实测压力波形，利用AVL公司的HYDSIM软件对柴油机的燃油喷射系统进行仿真计算，分析了实测的压力波形特征点的变化、泵端与嘴端压力的关系及残余压力等。结果表明：嘴端压力曲线上升部分波动点是喷油开始引起的，其位置和相应的压力值随转速而变化，泵端和嘴端压力的关系受喷油系统结构参数的影响，根据嘴端压力特征点确定的残余压力与实际值可能存在偏差。

    关键词：燃油喷射系统；柴油机；压力波形；残余压力

    Abstract: The pump pressure and nozzle pressure of a 12 V190 diesel engine have been measured. To understand the measured pressure waveform much better, a model that describes engine’s fuel injection system was established based on the AVL HYDSYM software. The characteristics of the nozzle pressure waveform, the relationship between the pump pressure and the nozzle pressure as well as the residual pressure are analyzed according to the simulating results. The results show that the pressure inflection point on the upward section of the nozzle pressure waveform is caused by injection starting, and that the phase that inflection point appears and the pressure point is varied with the engine speed, and that the relationship between the pump end and the nozzle end pressure was affected by structural parameters of the fuel injection system. Some deviation existed if the residual pressure is determined by the pressure at inflection point.

    Key Words: Fuel Injection System; Diesel Engine; Pressure Waveform; Residual Pressure