李 英，滕 勤， 张 健  

     摘要：缸内直喷和增压已成为当今汽油机技术的主流方向，然而，随着发动机小型化和动力性的提高，增压汽油直喷发动机出现了一种新的异常燃烧现象——超级爆震，严重影响着发动机性能和使用寿命。本文根据国内外超级爆震的研究现状，阐述了超级爆震的产生机理和检测方法，从发动机及其零部件设计参数、运行参数、控制参数以及燃油和机油品质等方面，分析了影响超级爆震的因素，给出了缓解和抑制超级爆震的措施。

    关键词：超级爆震；早燃；机理；检测方法；影响因素；抑制措施

    Abstract:  Gasoline direct injection and turbocharging have become the main trend in gasoline engine technology. However, while engines are prone to be downsized and to output higher power, a new abnormal phenomenon, known as pre-ignition or super knock, occurs in turbochared GDI engine, which has a severe influence on engine performance and service life. This paper, basing on the current researches on pre-ignition domestic and overseas, summarizes the mechanisms that super knock is produced and describes methods to detect this phenomenon; and analyzes these factors causing pre-ignition concerning design of engines and components, operation conditions, control parameters as well as fuel and oil quality., finally, proposed the measures to ease and suppress super knock.

     Key words：Super Knock；Pre-Ignition；Mechanism；Detection Method；Influence Factor；Suppression Measures